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Chinese sexagenary cycle

The Chinese sexagenary cycle (Chinese: 六十花甲; pinyin: liùshí huājiǎ), also known as the Stems-and-Branches (Chinese: 干支; pinyin: gānzhī), is a cycle of sixty terms used for recording days or years.^[1] It appears, as a means of recording days, in the first Chinese written texts, the Shang dynasty oracle bones from the late second millennium BC. Its use to record years began around the middle of the 3rd century BC.^[2] The cycle, and variations on it, have been an important part of historical calendrical systems in other, Chinese-influenced Asian states, notably those of Japan, Korea and Vietnam. This traditional method of numbering days and years no longer has any significant role in modern Chinese time keeping or the official calendar. However, the sexagenary cycle is still used in names of many historical events, like Chinese Xinhai Revolution (辛亥革命) and Japanese Boshin War (戊辰戦争). Also, it continues to have a role in contemporary Chinese astrology and fortune telling.

Ten Heavenly Stems (天干)

Heavenly Stem	Chinese name		Japanese name		Yin Yang	Wu Xing
Heavenly Stem	Mandarin	Cantonese	Onyomi	Kunyomi(kanji)	Yin Yang	Wu Xing
甲	jiǎ	gaap³	kō (こう)	kinoe (木の兄)	yang	wood
乙	yǐ	yuet³	otsu (おつ)	kinoto (木の弟)	yin	wood
丙	bǐng	bing²	hei (へい)	hinoe (火の兄)	yang	fire
丁	dīng	ding¹	tei (てい)	hinoto (火の弟)	yin	fire
戊	wù	mo⁶	bo (ぼ)	tsuchinoe (土の兄)	yang	earth
己	jǐ	gei²	ki (き)	tsuchinoto (土の弟)	yin	earth
庚	gēng	gang¹	kō (こう)	kanoe (金の兄)	yang	metal
辛	xīn	san¹	shin (しん)	kanoto (金の弟)	yin	metal
壬	rén	yam⁴	jin (じん)	mizunoe (水の兄)	yang	water
癸	guǐ	gwai³	ki (き)	mizunoto (水の弟)	yin	water

Twelve Earthly Branches

Earthly Branch	Chinese name		Japanese name		Chinese zodiac	Corresponding hours
Earthly Branch	Mandarin	Cantonese	Onyomi	Kunyomi	Chinese zodiac	Corresponding hours
子	zǐ	ji²	shi	ne	Rat (鼠)	11 p.m. to 1 a.m.
丑	chǒu	chau²	chū	ushi	Ox (牛)	1 to 3 a.m.
寅	yín	yan⁴	in	tora	Tiger (虎)	3 to 5 a.m.
卯	mǎo	maau⁵	bō	u	Rabbit (兔)	5 to 7 a.m.
辰	chén	san⁴	shin	tatsu	Dragon (龍)	7 to 9 a.m.
巳	sì	ji⁶	shi	mi	Snake (蛇)	9 to 11 a.m.
午	wǔ	ng⁵	go	uma	Horse (馬)	11 a.m. to 1 p.m.
未	wèi	mei⁶	mi or bi	hitsuji	Goat (羊)	1 to 3 p.m.
申	shēn	san¹	shin	saru	Monkey (猴)	3 to 5 p.m.
酉	yǒu	jau⁵	yū	tori	Rooster (雞)	5 to 7 p.m.
戌	xū	sut¹	jutsu	inu	Dog (狗)	7 to 9 p.m.
亥	hài	hoi⁶	gai	i	Pig (豬)	9 to 11 p.m.

Date source : Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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